October 22, 2022
819
In December 2019, a sudden epidemic disrupted our lives. In the following years, COVID-19 began to break out and spread on a large scale worldwide. COVID-19 spread from the mouth and respiratory tract to the air in the form of droplets or aerosols through coughing, sneezing and other ways. If healthy people inhale it directly through the mouth and nose, it will cause infection. In addition, COVID-19 can also exist on the surface of the patient's surrounding environment, and further spread through the contact of healthy people with contaminated object surfaces, oral, eye, nose and other mucosal tissues. In addition to the traditional way of infection through droplets and contact, COVID-19 is spread through feces/water. Another possible way of infection.
Studies have shown that the novel coronavirus is sensitive to ultraviolet light and heat. According to Li Lanjuan, academician of the CAE Member, Zhang Liubo, chief expert in disinfection of the National Center for Disease Control and Prevention, and other experts, the viability of novel coronavirus is not strong. When heated at 56 ℃ for 30 minutes, 75% alcohol, chlorine containing disinfectant, peroxide, hydrogen peroxide, etc. can kill it.
The common disinfectants and their usage scenarios are as follows:
| Disinfection ingredient name | Scope of application | Disinfection ingredient name | Scope of application |
| Glutaraldehyde | Suitable for disinfection and sterilization of heat-resistant medical devices and precision instruments | Ethanol | Suitable for disinfection of skin, environmental surfaces, and medical devices |
| Peracetic acid | Suitable for disinfection and sterilization of corrosion-resistant items, environments, and skin | Iodophor | Suitable for disinfection of skin, mucous membranes, etc |
| Hydrogen peroxide | Disinfection and oral rinsing of plastic products, tableware, clothing, drinking water and air, etc | Guanidine disinfectant | Suitable for surgical hand washing disinfection, surgical site skin disinfection, mucosal disinfection, etc |
| Dibromodimethylhydantoin | Disinfection of environmental objects; Disinfection of tableware, fruits, vegetables, etc | Quaternary ammonium salt disinfectant | Disinfection of skin and mucous membranes, disinfection of environmental items |
| Chlorine dioxide | Disinfection of medical and health care, food processing, tableware, drinking water, and environmental surfaces | EOW | Disinfection of skin and mucous membranes, tableware, fruits, vegetables, and surfaces of items, as well as rinsing and disinfection of endoscopes |
| Chlorine-containing disinfectant | Suitable for disinfection of tableware, environment, water, epidemic areas, etc | Hypochloric acid | Disinfection of skin and mucous membranes, tableware, fruits, vegetables, and surfaces of items, as well as rinsing and disinfection of endoscopes |
75% alcohol can almost kill all bacteria as well as coronaviruses and influenza viruses with an outer coat, but it cannot eliminate enteroviruses and norovirus without an outer coat. Alcohol can be used on human skin, but it should be avoided from open flames and should not be sprayed on large areas of air.
Chlorine containing disinfectants, such as 84 disinfectant, bleach powder, chlorine containing disinfectant powder, or chlorine containing effervescent tablets, are all classified as chlorine containing disinfectants in daily life. They can be directly diluted and stored in plastic containers for disinfection and sterilization. However, the disadvantage is that they are corrosive to metals and have bleaching and fading effects on fabrics.
Peroxide disinfectants have a wide range of applications, among which chlorine dioxide, hydrogen peroxide, and peracetic acid are representative substances that must be used after dilution. These disinfectants are flammable and explosive materials that can cause combustion and explosion when exposed to open flames or high temperatures. Professional guidance should be provided for their use.
Micro acidic electrolyzed water, also known as hypochlorous acid water, belongs to the category of chlorine containing disinfectants. Its main characteristics are colorless, odorless, non-toxic, non corrosive, suitable for mother and baby use, broad-spectrum sterilization, and a sterilization rate of up to 99.9999% or more. It can be sprayed on a large area and has advantages over traditional chlorine containing disinfectants. In addition, hypochlorous acid can also be used for disinfecting skin and mucous membranes, tableware, fruits, vegetables, and material surfaces, as well as for rinsing and disinfecting endoscopes.
